Precipitation {precipitation test} uses tungstic acid, TCA, or barium hydroxide and zinc sulfate. Precipitation with silver ion tests for chloride, bromide, iodide, and thiocyanate ion, with chromate ion and ferric alum as indicators. Weak-acid anion dye, like fluorescein, can bind to precipitate.
Solution can precipitate into large lumps {coagulation}|. Stirring to separate colloidal particles, adding diverse ion to break layers, heating to break layers, and reducing concentration to make ions closer together hinder coagulation.
Cold temperature or organic solvent can precipitate solid from solution {gravimetry}. Precipitate dries in oven to remove water and burn filter paper off, before weighing. Organic precipitates can chelate. Ignition can make oxides or -ate compounds, for easier weighing.
5-Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry
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Date Modified: 2022.0225